The TBCSA has made recommendation on the draft amendments to requirements for minors travelling to and from South Africa.

This comes after the Department of Home Affairs published draft amendments to the immigration regulations in September for comment.

The TBCSA said in a statement this week that it was concerned with the wording of the regulation, which states that parents “may be required” to present an unabridged birth certificate on arrival into South Africa. TBCSA’s main concern with the current wording is that it is vague, open to interpretation and leads to even more confusion on the ground.

“In the recommendations developed by the TBCSA and submitted to the Immigration Advisory Board (IAB), we are not asking government to scrap the UBC requirement. We have asked them to reword their regulations on the movement (travel) of minors under the age of 18 years,” said TBCSA CEO, Mmatšatši Ramawela.

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TUNIS — In November, when autumn winds whip up storms across the Mediterranean, the migration season ends.

The arrival rates won’t drop to zero — if last year’s numbers are anything to go by, several thousand will set off from Libya despite the rougher seas. But until the weather calms in April, monthly arrivals are unlikely to hit above 10,000 as they do in summer.

For Europe, winter is no time for complacency. Several member states, including France and Germany, face elections next year. With a populist Right emboldened by the victories of Donald Trump and Nigel Farage, migration is certain to emerge as a key issue.

Before next spring, Brussels is keen to reduce the migrant flow across the Mediterranean. Having successfully reduced the number of crossings from Turkey to Greece earlier this year, European leaders are now turning their attention to northern Africa.

Last month, the EU began negotiating a Turkey-style readmission deal with Tunisia, as part of a broader diplomatic effort to convince North African nations to quickly readmit failed asylum seekers after a record number of migrants arrived in Italy this year.

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Students from Africa account for more than one in 10 students worldwide studying abroad – a mobility rate twice as high as the global average – with about a fifth from North Africa, and more than a half from countries where French is spoken. Half choose Europe as their study destination, but Europe is losing ground to other African countries and the Middle East.

These are among findings in the Note La Mobilité Internationale des Étudiants Africains by Campus France, the agency that promotes French higher education to attract foreign students.

Campus France drew on existing UNESCO statistics, referring to 2013, and newer 2015 figures from the French government.

African student mobility – The figures

In 2013, UNESCO calculates that 373,303 African students were studying in a country other than their own, representing about 10.5% of global student mobility.

The number of these students fell by 10% from 2011, when they numbered 412,516, while global mobility rose by 2.6%. So the percentage of Africans studying abroad is gradually declining, accounting for 10.6% in 2011 compared with 13.7% in 2003, reported Campus France.

However, it said, in spite of this fall the Sub-Saharan Africa student mobility rate of 3.5% is twice as high as the world average.

For some, studying abroad can result from a wish to be open to the world, while for others it is necessary to find work abroad because there are no opportunities at home.

Middle Eastern countries have recently grown in popularity following a specific offer of study grants at Islamic universities, while in ‘extreme’ cases such as Somalia and Eritrea studies abroad can provide an opportunity to escape economic crisis, famine or armed conflict, says the Note.

The 12 leading destination countries for African students abroad in 2013 were: France (92,205 students, 26.5%); South Africa (33,053, 9.5%); United Kingdom (32,454, 9.3%); United States (32,212, 9.3%); Germany (13,915, 4%); Saudi Arabia (12,728, 3.7%); Canada (11,640, 3.4%); Malaysia (11,270, 3.2%); Ghana (10,009, 2.9%); Italy (8,964, 2.6%); Australia (6,976, 2%) and Morocco (6,958, 2%).

Geographically, 170,432 African students came to the 28 European Union countries (49.1%), followed by African countries other than their own (69,226 or 19.9%); North America (43,852 or 12.6%); Middle East (22,179 or 6.4%); Asia (18,527 or 5.3%); the rest of Europe (9,224 or 2.7%); Oceania (7,386 or 2.1%); and South and Central America (6,496 or 1.9%).

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“Home” can be where we are, but it is also who and how we are. Home is mostly a place within. Intercultural consultant and author of Psychology Today’s Between Cultures Marianna Pogosyan reflects on what it takes to build a feeling of “home” in a new country and how we can begin to know that we’ve found it.

Home, Charles Dickens writes, is a word stronger than a magician ever spoke. A word that houses under its roof an entire universe of virtues. To feel at home implies an essential alignment – an ease with the world and with oneself. We all have our ways of building our homes; our own little spells we cast on places and their smells, tastes, sights and sounds to turn them into havens of solace and safety.

Some of these tricks are universal. Like surrounding ourselves with people we love and things that we value. But what happens when we move, when we leave our beloved havens for lands that stretch under foreign skies? When does the new place start feeling like home?

When is it that the fists unclench, the shoulders unknot, the lungs exhale, the walls come down, the shoelaces get untied, the coats get hung, and we realise: I am home?

Seven sensory clues you’re at home…

Here are seven moments – seven plays on the five senses – that can lead us through the maze of unfamiliar streets and unknown pastures towards the doorstep of home.

When your daily routine begins to include a few new favourites: a new favourite radio station, a new favourite TV show, a new favourite magazine. (Even if you don’t understand most of what you are hearing, watching, reading.)
When the local foods that you rushed by in unfamiliar supermarket aisles become staples in your kitchen.
When someone stops you on the street and asks you for directions, and you confidently navigate them to their destination. Just as kind strangers once did for you on those same streets.
When you notice bits and pieces of their culture reflecting in your own behaviour – from the way you talk, to the way you think.
When you meet someone. Someone, whose presence soothes the heartache of past goodbyes. Someone whose friendship gifts you with light – even on days when the sun is nowhere to be found. Someone, who despite being a newcomer to your narrative, becomes an indispensable character in your story.
When you find a corner of the new land – be it among the tall pines in a morning forest or the lively cafés at a town square – that becomes one of your favourite spots in the world. A spot that you can travel to every time you close your eyes, if only to smell its air and to taste the joy it brings you.
When you stumble upon your new culture during your travels (tourists, language, foods, number plates), and you realise, all flustered and gleeful, that you can’t wait to go back. Back to home.
Homes are not built overnight. After all, the magic involved in securing a nest extends far beyond a thousand and one twigs. It might take some time, as we stand at the banks of an unfamiliar stream, vulnerable and hesitant, holding on to memories of all that we left behind.

We might dip our toes in the new waters, only to rush back to the safety of the shore. We might stay there for a while, by the comfort of the rustling willows, watching the stream go by. But then, on one spectacular sunrise, we will find ourselves releasing our grip and jumping in, with hearts restored with hope and resilience. And that is when the stream – sometimes turbulent, other times blissfully still – will carry us home.

Original article can be viewed here.